Fountain Archive

2017

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Adam Allison
3705

Awesome Inspirations from Shark Skin

There are more than 500 species of sharks that have been identified. They can live both in the sea and in fresh water. According to the fossil records obtained to date, sharks have been around for abo... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Mubina Muftic
6052

Saadi Shirazi’s Influence on Ralph Waldo Emerson

“To Baron von Hammer Purgstall, who died in Vienna in 1856, we owe our best knowledge of the Persians,” wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson (d. 1882) in his essay “Persian Poetry.” Thus, it was an Austrian Orie... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
M. Fethullah Gulen
3398

Ghayba (Absence)

Literally meaning disappearance and no longer being existent, ghayba (absence) denotes that the heart has cut its relationship with the corporeal world in order to give itself to exclusive devotion to... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Rafiq Ebrahim
3088

Stem Cell Treatments A Breakthrough in Medical Science

There have been certain moments in human history that have stunned humanity and changed the way we thought. Some have even altered the very course of civilization. The late twentieth century and the b... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Omer Yildiz
3242

Arteries and Veins – How and Why Are They Different?

The human body is an ideal example of the perfect harmony between structure and function; every part serves a purpose. Arteries and veins differ in many ways, including diameter, strength, durability... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Zara Khan
3623

Is There an American Muslim Song?

Islam in America presents a growing field of research for social scientists who explore Muslim societies and the contentions that arise around them, given the current political and cultural context in... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Justin Pahl
2994

On Bodies

1. Having a body is a strange thing – stranger, still, when you think about how rarely we consider our bodies and what goes on inside of them. When was the last time you stopped while taking the stai read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Gunel Mehraliyeva
3202

Teenagers and Eating Disorders

“You look great. Have you lost weight?” Most of us enjoy such compliments. Our culture’s messages maintain the importance of being slim. Dieting, exercising, skipping meals, body dissatisfaction, and ... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Esra Akdogan
10180

Prejudice and Ways to Avoid It in Education

Prejudices are attitudes that may lead to the stereotyping of and discrimination against certain groups, usually minorities. Psychologists have conducted detailed studies on prejudice. In this article... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
Zuleyha B. Ozturk
4085

I See No Difference

“I do not see color, or culture, or any sort of difference about anyone because that leads to discrimination; everyone is the same anyways.” My ears picked up on this conversation right before a read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
M. Fethullah Gulen
3211

System Blindness and the Lifespan of a Society

Question: It usually is inevitable to lose motivation in good works, which, like other things, may become ordinary and monotonous in time. Is this a consequence of system blindness? What can be done t... read more..

Issue 120 (November - December 2017)
The Fountain
2748

Hidden Oceans in Frozen Worlds

Hidden Oceans in Frozen Worlds Saxena P. et al. Relevance of tidal heating on large TNOs. Icarus, December 2017. Searching for alien life, a new study from NASA suggests that some icy worlds in our ... read more..

Special Issue 2017
The Fountain
3307

What Went Wrong With Turkey?

Asli recounts how her mother-in-law recently caught her six-year-old son stealing a pomegranate from the neighbour’s tree. When she asked her grandson why he was stealing, he replied: "I’m stealing th... read more..

Special Issue 2017
M. Fethullah Gulen
3185

The Turkey I No Longer Know

The Turkey that I once knew as a hope-inspiring country on its way to consolidating its democracy and a moderate form of secularism has become the dominion of a president who is doing everything he ca... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Yüksel A. Aslandoğan, PhD
4870

What Really Happened in Turkey on July 15, 2016? An Alternative to the Turkish Government Narrative

On July 15, 2016, Turkey experienced a horrific event: an unsuccessful military coup. But a year after the tragedy, questions about what really happened remain unanswered. What we know for sure is tha... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Philip Clayton, PhD
3150

“And not equal are the good deed and the bad” - On Violence, Power, and Peace in Turkey’s Most Disastrous Year

Why do the most violent people in the world accuse the most peaceful of violence? The last year represents one of the darkest periods in modern Turkish history. In lectures around the world, I once a... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Jon Pahl, PhD
2960

A Meditation on Persecution

Among the many gospel hymns and spirituals that have provided strength for a suffering people over the decades, one has stayed with me in recent weeks. That song—sung by the great soul artis... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Peter A. Cohen, PhD
2977

“Have You No Sense of Decency?” An Open Letter to Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

Mr. Erdoğan: I have visited your lovely country no less than five times over the past ten years. On four of these visits, members of the Hizmet movement were my guides. I have also proudly been assoc... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Scott C. Alexander, PhD
3044

What Went Wrong? Purge, Persecution, and the Imperative to Stand with the Innocent in Turkey

The disturbing meme depicting criminals impaled on hooks with the words "The ideal method of execution for [the members of] the Fethullah Terrorist Organization: The Ottoman Way" is making i... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Sophia Pandya, PhD
3099

Erdoǧan’s Most Vulnerable Victims: Women and Children

Human rights violations in Turkey have increased exponentially in the aftermath of the July 15, 2016 attempted coup. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoǧan blamed the plot on the Hizmet (Gül... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Thomas Michel, PhD
3007

The Gülen Community: Who to Believe – Politicians or Actions?

In the aftermath of the attempted coup on July 15, 2016, Turkish government has launched an unprecedented purge – with no evidence linking a vast majority of those pu read more..

Special Issue 2017
Ori Z. Soltes
2871

Turkey’s Coup That Was Never a Coup

Note: I first wrote most of the words that follow these in August, 2016, a month after the “coup” in Turkey. Between then and now, things in that splendid country have only gotten worse, and there are... read more..

Special Issue 2017
David L. Phillips, PhD
2348

Was Turkey's Coup For Real?

Much speculation exists about the coup in Turkey on July 15, 2016. Some even call it a “false-coup,” which President Recep Tayyip Erdogan organized in order to justify a crackdown against oppos read more..

Special Issue 2017
Anwar Alam, PhD
2470

Turkey: A State Under One-Man Rule

The July 15, 2016, failed military coup in Turkey, among others, has accelerated and strengthened the Erdoğan regime’s authoritarianism (albeit the democratic aspiration reflected in the people’s resi... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Zaman Stanizai, PhD
2321

Civil Liberties in the Throes of Turkish Authoritarianism

Objectivity in political analysis is a luxury often claimed, but rarely earned. Governments, no matter how responsive to public demands, often fall short of the people’s expectations and are, therefor... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Talip Aydın, PhD
2344

Judicial Independence No More: The Step-by-Step Destruction of the Rule of Law in Turkey

Judicial independence in Turkey has been dying for a long time, but it was annihilated after the July 15, 2016 coup attempt. A comprehensive portrait of how the country, once a beacon of dem... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Sage Chen
2326

Erdoğan’s Fight against the Gülen Movement & The Demise of Turkish State Rationality

Since the corruption scandal of December 2013, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has waged an all-out war against the Gülen (or Hizmet) movement. The anti-Gülenist campaign started with... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Greg Barton, PhD
2018

What On Earth Has Gone So Wrong in Turkey?

One year after the mysterious coup attempt of July 15, the situation in Turkey has become much clearer. Unfortunately, it has also become much darker. In the confusing hours of that terrible... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Faruk Mercan
2256

No Return from Democracy: Democracy in the Thought of Gülen and Erdoğan’s Politics

Many countries around the world are facing a crises of democracy. With authoritarianism on the rise, countries from Asia to Europe to the Americas are grappling with critical choices about g... read more..

Special Issue 2017
Rev. Dr. Ian G. Williams
2509

"Ours Is Not a Caravan of Despair" - The Hizmet Movement of Fethullah Gülen and the Common Good – A Perspective from the UK

The Hizmet (service, in Turkish) movement associated with the Turkish teacher Fethullah Gülen [b. 1941] is part of the emerging “European Islam” which has its own diversity in the expression of Turkis... read more..

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